Kindergarten
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| Social Studies | Science |
Oral Language
K.1 The student will demonstrate growth in the use of oral language.
a) Listen to a variety of literary forms, including stories and poems.
b) Participate in choral speaking and recite short poems, rhymes, songs,
and stories with repeated patterns.
c) Participate in creative dramatics.
d) Begin to discriminate between spoken sentences, words, and syllables.
e) Recognize rhyming words.
f) Generate rhyming words in a rhyming pattern.
K.2 The student will use listening and speaking vocabularies.
a) Use number words.
b) Use words to describe/name people, places, and things.
c) Use words to describe location, size, color, and shape.
d) Use words to describe actions.
e) Ask about words not understood.
f) Follow one-step and two-step directions.
g) Begin to ask how and why questions.
K.3 The student will build oral communication skills.
a) Begin to follow implicit rules for conversation, including taking
turns and staying on topic.
b) Express ideas and needs in complete sentences.
c) Begin to use voice level, phrasing, and intonation appropriate for
language situation.
d) Listen and speak in informal conversations with peers and adults.
e) Begin to initiate conversations.
f) Participate in discussions about books and specific topics.
K.4 The student will hear, say, and manipulate phonemes (small units of
sound) of spoken language.
a) Identify orally words that rhyme.
b) Identify words orally according to shared beginning or ending sounds.
c) Blend sounds orally to make words or syllables.
d) Divide one-syllable words into sounds (phonemes).
e) Divide words into syllables.
Reading
K.5 The student will understand how print is organized and read.
a) Hold print materials in the correct position.
b) Identify the front cover, back cover, and title page of a book.
c) Follow words from left to right and from top to bottom on a printed
page.
d) Match voice with print: syllables, words, and phrases.
K.6 The student will demonstrate an understanding that print makes
sense.
a) Explain that printed materials provide information.
b) Identify common signs and logos.
c) Read ten high-frequency words.
d) Read and explain own writing and drawings.
K.7 The student will develop an understanding of basic phonetic
principles.
a) Identify and name the uppercase and lowercase letters of the
alphabet.
b) Match consonant and short vowel sounds to appropriate letters.
c) Identify beginning consonant sounds in single-syllable words.
K.8 The student will demonstrate comprehension of fiction and
nonfiction.
a) Use pictures to make predictions about content.
b) Retell familiar stories, using beginning, middle, and end.
c) Discuss characters, setting, and events.
d) Use story language in discussions and retellings.
e) Identify what an author does and what an illustrator does.
f) Identify the topics of nonfiction selections.
Writing
K.9 The student will print the uppercase and lowercase letters of the
alphabet independently.
K.10 The student will print his/her first and last names.
K.11 The student will write to communicate ideas.
a) Draw pictures and/or use letters and phonetically spelled words to
write about experiences, stories, people, objects, or events.
b) Write left to right and top to bottom.
K.12 The student will explore the uses of available technology for
reading and writing.
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Number and Number Sense
K.1 The student, given two sets containing 10 or fewer concrete items,
will identify and describe one set as having more, fewer, or the
same number of members as the other set, using the concept of one-
to-one correspondence.
K.2 The student, given a set containing 10 or fewer concrete items, will
a) tell how many are in the set by counting the number of items orally;
b) select the corresponding numeral from a given set; and
c) write the numeral to tell how many are in the set.
K.3 The student, given an ordered set of three objects and/or pictures,
will indicate the ordinal position of each item, first through
third, and the ordered position of each item from left-to-right,
right-to-left, top-to-bottom, and/or bottom-to-top.
K.4 The student will investigate and recognize patterns from counting by
fives and tens to 30, using concrete objects and a calculator.
K.5 The student will count forward to 30 and backward from 10.
Computation and Estimation
K.6 The student will add and subtract whole numbers, using up to 10
concrete items.
Measurement
K.7 The student will recognize a penny, nickel, dime, and quarter and
will determine the value of a collection of pennies and/or nickels
whose total value is 10 cents or less.
K.8 The student will identify the instruments used to measure length
(ruler), weight (scale), time (clock: digital and analog; calendar:
day, month, and season), and temperature (thermometer).
K.9 The student will tell time to the hour, using an analog or digital
clock.
K.10 The student will compare two objects or events, using direct
comparisons or nonstandard units of measure, according to one or
more of the following attributes: length (shorter, longer), height
(taller, shorter), weight (heavier, lighter), temperature (hotter,
colder). Examples of nonstandard units include foot length, hand
span, new pencil, paper clip, block.
Geometry
K.11 The student will identify, describe, and draw two-dimensional
(plane) geometric figures (circle, triangle, square, and
rectangle).
K.12 The student will describe the location of one object relative to
another (above, below, next to) and identify representations of
plane geometric figures (circle, triangle, square, and rectangle)
regardless of their position and orientation in space.
K.13 The student will compare the size (larger, smaller) and shape of
plane geometric figures (circle, triangle, square, and rectangle).
Probability and Statistics
K.14 The student will gather data relating to familiar experiences by
counting and tallying.
K.15 The student will display objects and information, using objects
graphs, pictorial graphs, and tables.
K.16 The student will investigate and describe the results of dropping a
two-colored counter or using a multicolored spinner.
Patterns, Functions, and Algebra
K.17 The student will sort and classify objects according to similar
attributes (size, shape, and color).
K.18 The student will identify, describe, and extend a repeating
relationship (pattern) found in common objects, sounds, and
movements.
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Kindergarten
The kindergarten standards stress the use of basic science skills to
explore common materials, objects, and living things. Emphasis is
placed on using the senses to gather information. Students are expected
to develop skills in posing simple questions, measuring, sorting,
classifying, and communicating information about the natural world.
The science skills are an important focus as students learn about life
processes and properties of familiar materials such as magnets and
water. Through phenomena including shadows, patterns of weather, and
plant growth, students are introduced to the concept of change. The
significance of natural resources and conservation is introduced in the
kindergarten standards.
Scientific Investigation, Reasoning, and Logic
K.1 The student will conduct investigations in which
a) basic properties of objects are identified by direct observation;
b) observations are made from multiple positions to achieve different
perspectives;
c) objects are described both pictorially and verbally;
d) a set of objects is sequenced according to size;
e) a set of objects is separated into two groups based on a single
physical attribute;
f) nonstandard units are used to measure common objects;
g) a question is developed from one or more observations;
h) picture graphs are constructed using 10 or fewer units;
i) an unseen member in a sequence of objects is predicted; and
j) unusual or unexpected results in an activity are recognized.
K.2 Students will investigate and understand that humans have senses
that allow one to seek, find, take in, and react or respond to
information in order to learn about one's surroundings. Key
concepts include:
a) five senses and corresponding sensing organ (taste-tongue, touch-
skin, smell-nose, hearing-ears, and sight-eyes); and
b) sensory descriptors (sweet, sour, bitter, salty, rough/smooth,
hard/soft, cold, warm, hot, loud/soft, high/low, bright/dull)
Force, Motion, and Energy
K.3 The student will investigate and understand that magnets have an
effect on some materials, make some things move without touching
them, and have useful applications. Key concepts include
a) attraction/nonattraction, push/pull, attract/repel, and
metal/nonmetal; and
b) useful applications (refrigerator magnet, can opener, magnetized
screwdriver, and magnetic games).
Matter
K.4 The student will investigate and understand that the position,
motion, and physical properties of an object can be described. Key
concepts include
a) colors (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple), white, and black;
b) shapes (circle, triangle, square, and rectangle) and forms
(flexible/stiff, straight/curved);
c) textures (rough/smooth) and feel (hard/soft);
d) relative size and weight (big/little, large/small, heavy/light,
wide/thin, long/short); and
e) position (over/under, in/out, above/below, left/right) and speed
(fast/slow).
K.5 The student will investigate and understand that water flows and has
properties that can be observed and tested. Key concepts include
a) water occurs in different states (solid, liquid, gas);
b) the natural flow of water is downhill; and
c) some materials float in water while others sink.
Life Processes
K.6 The student will investigate and understand basic needs and life
processes of plants and animals. Key concepts include
a) living things change as they grow and need food, water, and air to
survive;
b) plants and animals live and die (go through a life cycle); and
c) offspring of plants and animals are similar but not identical to
their parents and one another.
Interrelationships in Earth/Space Systems
K.7 The student will investigate and understand that shadows occur when
light is blocked by an object. Key concepts include
a) shadows occur in nature when sunlight is blocked by an object; and
b) shadows can be produced by blocking artificial light sources.
Earth Patterns, Cycles, and Change
K.8 The student will investigate and understand simple patterns in
his/her daily life.
Key concepts include
a) weather observations;
b) the shapes and forms of many common natural objects including seeds,
cones, and leaves;
c) animal and plant growth; and
d) home and school routines.
K.9 The student will investigate and understand that change occurs over
time, and rates may be fast or slow. Key concepts include
a) natural and human-made things may change over time; and
b) changes can be noted and measured.
Resources
K.10 The student will investigate and understand that materials can be
reused, recycled, and conserved. Key concepts include
a) materials and objects can be used over and over again;
b) everyday materials can be recycled; and
c) water and energy conservation at home and in school helps preserve
resources for future use.
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Kindergarten
Introduction to History and Social Science
The standards for kindergarten students include an introduction to
interesting Americans in history whose lives demonstrated the virtues of
patriotism, courage, and kindness. During the course of their first year
in school, students should learn basic concepts related to history,
patriotism, national symbols, good citizenship, geographic location,
economics, and the importance of following rules and respecting the
rights and property of other people.
History
K.1 The student will recognize that history describes events and people
of other times and places by
a) identifying examples of past events in legends, stories, and
historical accounts of Pocahontas, George Washington, Betsy Ross, and
Abraham Lincoln;
b) identifying the people and events honored by the holidays of
Thanksgiving Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, and
Independence Day (Fourth of July).
K.2 The student will describe everyday life in the present and in the
past and begin to recognize that things change over time.
Geography
K.3 The student will describe the relative location of people, places,
and things by using positional words, with emphasis on near/far,
above/below, left/right, and behind/in front.
K.4 The student will use simple maps and globes to
a) develop an awareness that a map is a drawing of a place to show where
things are located and that a globe is a round model of the Earth;
b) describe places referenced in stories and real-life situations;
c) locate land and water features.
K.5 The student will develop an awareness that maps and globes
a) show a view from above;
b) show things in smaller size;
c) show the position of objects.
Economics
K.6 The student will match simple descriptions of work that people do
with the names of those jobs.
K.7 The student will
a) identify the difference between basic needs (food, clothing, and
shelter) and wants (things people would like to have);
b) recognize that people use money to purchase goods.
Civics
K.8 The student will demonstrate that being a good citizen involves
a) taking turns and sharing;
b) taking responsibility for certain classroom chores;
c) taking care of personal belongings and respecting what belongs to
others;
d) following rules and understanding the consequence of breaking rules;
e) practicing honesty, self-control, and kindness to others.
K.9 The student will recognize the American flag, the Pledge of
Allegiance, and that the President is the leader of the United
States.